Roba yana nufin kayan da aka yi amfani da su galibi daga resins (ko monomers da aka polymerized kai tsaye yayin sarrafawa), waɗanda aka ƙara musu ƙarin abubuwa kamar su robobi, abubuwan cikawa, man shafawa, da launuka, waɗanda za a iya ƙera su a lokacin sarrafawa.
Muhimman Halaye na Roba:
① Yawancin robobi suna da sauƙi kuma suna da karko a fannin sinadarai, suna jure wa tsatsa.
② Kyakkyawan juriya ga tasiri.
③ Kyakkyawan bayyanawa da juriyar lalacewa.
④ Abubuwan rufewa tare da ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na thermal.
⑤ Gabaɗaya yana da sauƙin ƙera, launi, da sarrafawa akan farashi mai rahusa.
⑥ Yawancin robobi ba su da juriya ga zafi, faɗaɗa zafi mai yawa, kuma suna iya kama da wuta.
⑦ Rashin daidaiton girma, mai saurin lalacewa.
⑧ Robobi da yawa suna nuna ƙarancin aikin zafin jiki, suna zama masu rauni a yanayin sanyi.
⑨ Mai saurin tsufa.
⑩ Wasu robobi suna narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin abubuwan narkewa.
Resin phenolicAna amfani da su sosai a aikace-aikacen FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastics) waɗanda ke buƙatar halayen FST (Wuta, Hayaki, da Guba). Duk da wasu ƙuntatawa (musamman rashin ƙarfi), resin phenolic sun kasance babban rukuni na resin kasuwanci, tare da samar da kusan tan miliyan 6 a duk shekara a duniya. Resin phenolic suna ba da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali da juriya ga sinadarai, suna kiyaye kwanciyar hankali a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na 150-180°C. Waɗannan kaddarorin, tare da fa'idar aikinsu na farashi, suna haifar da ci gaba da amfani da su a cikin samfuran FRP. Aikace-aikacen yau da kullun sun haɗa da abubuwan ciki na jirgin sama, layin kaya, cikin motocin jirgin ƙasa, gratings da bututun mai na teku, kayan rami, kayan gogayya, rufin bututun roka, da sauran samfuran da suka shafi FST.
Nau'ikan Haɗaɗɗun Phenolic da aka ƙarfafa da zare
Haɗaɗɗun phenolic masu ƙarfi da fibersun haɗa da kayan da aka inganta da zare da aka yanka, yadi, da zare masu ci gaba. Har yanzu ana amfani da zare da aka yanka na farko (misali, itace, cellulose) a cikin mahaɗan phenolic don aikace-aikace daban-daban, musamman sassan motoci kamar murfin famfon ruwa da abubuwan haɗin gogayya. Haɗaɗɗun phenolic na zamani sun haɗa da zare da gilashi, zare da ƙarfe, ko kuma kwanan nan, zare da carbon. Resin phenolic da ake amfani da su a cikin mahaɗan moletting su ne resin novolac, waɗanda aka warkar da su da hexamethylenetetramine.
Ana amfani da kayan masaku da aka riga aka yi musu ado a aikace-aikace daban-daban, kamar RTM (Resin Transfer Molding), tsarin sanwicin zuma, kariyar ballistic, bangarorin cikin jirgin sama, da kuma layin kaya. Ana samar da kayayyakin da aka ƙarfafa da zare ta hanyar amfani da filament winding ko pultrusion. Yadi da ci gabaabubuwan haɗin da aka ƙarfafa da fiberyawanci suna amfani da resin phenolic resole mai narkewa cikin ruwa ko mai narkewa. Bayan resole phenolics, ana amfani da wasu tsarin phenolic masu alaƙa - kamar benzoxazines, cyanate esters, da sabon resin Calidur™ da aka ƙera - a cikin FRP.
Benzoxazine sabon nau'in resin phenolic ne. Ba kamar phenolics na gargajiya ba, inda sassan kwayoyin halitta ke haɗuwa ta hanyar gadoji na methylene [-CH₂-], benzoxazines suna samar da tsarin cyclic. Ana iya haɗa Benzoxazines cikin sauƙi daga kayan phenolic (bisphenol ko novolac), primary amines, da formaldehyde. Polymerization na buɗe zobe ba ya samar da wasu abubuwa ko abubuwa masu canzawa, wanda ke haɓaka daidaiton girma na samfurin ƙarshe. Baya ga yawan zafi da juriya ga harshen wuta, resin benzoxazine suna nuna kaddarorin da ba su cikin phenolics na gargajiya, kamar ƙarancin sha danshi da aikin dielectric mai ɗorewa.
Calidur™ wani sabon resin thermosetting polyarylether amide ne, wanda aka samar da shi a cikin ƙarni na gaba, mai sassa ɗaya, wanda Evonik Degussa ya ƙirƙira don masana'antar sararin samaniya da lantarki. Wannan resin yana warkewa a 140°C cikin awanni 2, tare da zafin canzawar gilashi (Tg) na 195°C. A halin yanzu, Calidur™ yana nuna fa'idodi da yawa ga abubuwan haɗin gwiwa masu aiki: babu hayaki mai canzawa, ƙarancin amsawar zafi da raguwa yayin warkewa, ƙarfin zafi da danshi mai yawa, ƙarfin matsewa da yankewa mai kyau, da kuma kyakkyawan tauri. Wannan resin mai ƙirƙira yana aiki azaman madadin mai araha ga resin ester mai matsakaici zuwa babba na Tg, bismaleemide, da cyanate a cikin jiragen sama, sufuri, motoci, lantarki/lantarki, da sauran aikace-aikace masu wahala.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-24-2025
