Babban abubuwan da ke faruwa da ke shafar gilashin gilashi

Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da narkewar gilashin ya wuce matakin narkewa da kansa, kamar yadda yanayin da aka riga aka narke ya rinjayi su kamar ingancin albarkatun ƙasa, jiyya da sarrafawa, kaddarorin mai, kayan murhun tanderu, matsa lamba na murhu, yanayi, da zaɓin wakilai na tara kuɗi. A ƙasa akwai cikakken nazarin waɗannan abubuwan:

Ⅰ. Shirye-shiryen Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayanka

1. Chemical Haɗin Kan Batch

SiO₂ da Refractory Compounds: Abubuwan da ke cikin SiO₂, Al₂O₃, ZrO₂, da sauran mahadi masu raguwa suna shafar ƙimar narkewa kai tsaye. Mafi girman abun ciki yana ƙara yawan zafin da ake buƙata na narkewa da amfani da makamashi.

Alkali Metal Oxides (misali, Na₂O, Li₂O): Rage zafin narkewa. Li₂O, saboda ƙananan radius na ionic da babban ƙarfin lantarki, yana da tasiri musamman kuma yana iya inganta halayen gilashin.

2. Batch Pre-Jiyya

Kula da danshi:

Mafi kyawun Danshi (3% ~ 5%): Yana haɓaka jiko da amsawa, yana rage ƙura da rarrabuwa;

Yawan Danshi: Yana haifar da auna kurakurai kuma yana tsawaita lokacin yanke hukunci.

Rarraba Girman Barbashi:

Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa;

Ɓangarori Masu Lalacewa: Yana kaiwa zuwa haɓakawa da haɓakar electrostatic, hana narkewar uniform.

3. Gudanar da Cullet

Dole ne Cullet ya kasance mai tsabta, ba shi da ƙazanta, kuma ya dace da girman barbashi na sabbin kayan don gujewa gabatar da kumfa ko ragowar da ba a narkewa ba.

Ⅱ. Tsarin Tanderuda Kayayyakin mai

1. Zaɓan Kayan Karɓatawa

Juriya mai zafi mai zafi: manyan tubalin zirconium da tubalin zirconium corundum na lantarki (AZS) ya kamata a yi amfani da su a yankin bangon tafkin, ƙasan tanderun da sauran wuraren da ke haɗuwa da ruwan gilashin, don rage girman lahani da ke haifar da lalacewar sinadarai da zazzaɓi.

Kwanciyar hankali mai zafi: Tsaya jujjuyawar yanayin zafi kuma kauce wa ɓacin rai saboda girgiza zafin zafi.

2. Ingantaccen Man Fetur da Konewa

Kimar calorific mai da yanayin konewa (oxidizing/rage) dole ne ya dace da abun da ke cikin gilashin. Misali:

Gas Na Halitta/Mai Mai Kauri: Yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sarrafa rabon iskar mai don gujewa ragowar sulfide;

Narkar da Wutar Lantarki: Ya dace da narkakken madaidaici (misali,gilashin gani) amma yana cinye karin kuzari.

Ⅲ. Haɓaka Tsarin Narkewa

1. Kula da zafin jiki

Narke Zazzabi (1450 ~ 1500 ℃): Ƙaruwa 1℃ a zafin jiki na iya haɓaka ƙimar narkewa da 1%, amma yashwar da ke raguwa ya ninka sau biyu. Ma'auni tsakanin inganci da tsawon rayuwar kayan aiki ya zama dole.

Rarraba Zazzabi: Sarrafa gradient a wurare daban-daban na tanderun (narkawa, tarawa, sanyaya) yana da mahimmanci don gujewa wuce gona da iri na gida ko ragowar da ba a narke ba.

2. Yanayi da Matsi

Yanayin Oxidizing: Yana haɓaka bazuwar kwayoyin halitta amma yana iya ƙarfafa iskar oxygenation na sulfide;

Rage Yanayin: Yana hana Fe³+ launin launi (don gilashin mara launi) amma yana buƙatar guje wa ajiyar carbon;

Murmushin murhun Furna: Matsakaicin matsin lamba (+ 2 + 2 ~ 5 pa) yana hana cin abinci iska mai sanyi kuma yana tabbatar da cire kumfa.

3.Fining Agents da Fluxes

Fluorides (misali, CaF₂): Rage dankon narkewa da hanzarta kawar da kumfa;

Nitrates (misali, NaNO₃): Saki iskar oxygen don inganta fining oxidative;

Haɗaɗɗen Fluxes ***: misali, Li₂CO₃ + Na₂CO₃, ƙarancin narkewar zafin jiki.

Ⅳ. Tsananin Kula da Tsarin Narkewa

1. Narke Dankowa da Ruwa

Saka idanu na ainihi ta amfani da na'urori masu juyayi don daidaita yanayin zafi ko juzu'i don mafi kyawun yanayin ƙirƙira.

2. Ingantaccen Cire Kumfa

Lura da rarraba kumfa ta amfani da X-ray ko dabarun hoto don inganta yawan adadin kumfa da matsin tanderu.

Ⅴ. Batutuwa gama gari da Dabarun Ingantawa

Kammalawa

Gilashin narkewa shine sakamakon haɗin kai tsakanin albarkatun ƙasa, kayan aiki, da sigogin tsari. Yana buƙatar kulawa mai zurfi na ƙirar ƙirar sinadarai, haɓaka girman barbashi, haɓaka kayan haɓakawa, da sarrafa siga mai ƙarfi. Ta hanyar daidaita sauye-sauye a kimiyyance, daidaita yanayin narkewa (zazzabi / matsa lamba / yanayi), da yin amfani da ingantattun fasahohin tarawa, ingantaccen narkewa da ingancin gilashin za a iya ingantawa sosai, yayin da ake rage yawan kuzarin makamashi da farashin samarwa.