Dangane da siffar da tsawonta, zaren gilashi za a iya raba shi zuwa zare mai ci gaba, zaren da aka daɗe ana gyarawa da ulu na gilashi; bisa ga tsarin gilashi, za a iya raba shi zuwa marasa alkali, juriya ga sinadarai, matsakaiciyar alkali, ƙarfi mai yawa, babban ƙarfin roba da juriya ga alkali (juriyar alkali), da sauransu.
Manyan kayan da ake amfani da su wajen samar da zare na gilashi sune: yashi mai siffar quartz, alumina da pyrophyllite, limestone, dolomite, boric acid, soda ash, mirabilite, fluorite, da sauransu. Hanyoyin samarwa an raba su kashi biyu: ɗaya shine a yi gilashin da aka narke kai tsaye zuwa zare; ɗayan kuma shine a yi gilashin da aka narke zuwa zare na gilashi ko sanduna masu diamita na 20 mm, sannan a dumama kuma a sake narkewa ta hanyoyi daban-daban don yin ƙwallan gilashi ko sanduna masu diamita na 3 zuwa 3 mm. 80 μm zare masu kyau sosai. Zare masu tsayi marasa iyaka da aka zana ta hanyar zane na injiniya na faranti na ƙarfe na platinum ana kiransu zare masu tsayi. Zare masu katsewa da aka yi ta hanyar rollers ko iska, waɗanda ake kira zare masu tsayi, waɗanda aka fi sani da gajerun zare.
Ana rarraba zare-zaren gilashi zuwa matakai daban-daban dangane da abun da ke ciki, halayensu da kuma amfaninsu. Dangane da ƙa'idodin matakin da aka saba amfani da shi, ana amfani da zaren gilashin E sosai kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin kayan rufe wutar lantarki; matakin S shine zare na musamman.
Gilashin da ake amfani da shi wajen samar da fiberglass ya bambanta da gilashin da ake amfani da shi a wasu kayayyakin gilashi. Gabaɗaya, abubuwan da aka haɗa da gilashin zare waɗanda aka tallata su sune kamar haka:
Babban ƙarfi da babban modulus fiberglass
Ana siffanta shi da ƙarfi mai yawa da kuma babban modulus. Ƙarfin ƙarfinsa na fiber guda ɗaya shine 2800MPa, wanda ya fi kusan kashi 25% na fiber ɗin gilashi mara alkali, kuma modulus ɗinsa na roba shine 86000MPa, wanda ya fi fiber ɗin E-glass girma. Kayayyakin FRP da aka samar da su galibi ana amfani da su a masana'antar soja, sararin samaniya, jirgin ƙasa mai sauri, ƙarfin iska, sulke masu hana harsashi da kayan wasanni.
Fiberglass na AR
Wanda kuma aka sani da zare mai jure wa alkali, zare mai jure wa alkali abu ne mai ƙarfafawa don simintin da aka ƙarfafa (siminti) na gilashi (wanda ake kira GRC), zare mai inganci, kuma madadin ƙarfe da asbestos a cikin abubuwan siminti marasa ɗaukar nauyi. Halayen zare mai jure wa alkali suna da kyakkyawan juriya ga alkali, suna iya tsayayya da lalata abubuwan alkali masu yawa a cikin siminti yadda ya kamata, ƙarfin riƙewa mai ƙarfi, babban modulus na roba, juriyar tasiri, ƙarfin lanƙwasawa da lanƙwasa, mara ƙonewa, juriya ga sanyi, juriya ga zafi, ƙarfin canjin zafi mai ƙarfi, kyakkyawan juriya ga fashewa da rashin ruwa, ƙarfin ƙira mai ƙarfi, sauƙin ƙira, da sauransu, zare mai jure wa alkali sabon nau'in ƙarfafa kore ne kuma mai lafiya ga muhalli wanda ake amfani da shi sosai a cikin kayan siminti mai ƙarfi (siminti).
Gilashin D
Ana kuma san shi da ƙaramin gilashin dielectric, ana amfani da shi don samar da ƙananan zare na gilashin dielectric tare da ƙarfin dielectric mai kyau.
Baya ga abubuwan da ke cikin zare na gilashi da ke sama, yanzu akwai sabon zare na gilashi mara alkali, wanda ba shi da boron gaba ɗaya, wanda hakan ke rage gurɓatar muhalli, amma halayensa na rufewa da kayan aikin injiniya sun yi kama da na gilashin E na gargajiya. Bugu da ƙari, akwai zare na gilashi mai haɗin gilashi biyu, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen samar da ulu na gilashi, kuma ana cewa yana da yuwuwar ƙarfafa fiberglass. Bugu da ƙari, akwai zare na gilashi mara fluorine, wanda aka inganta shi don buƙatun kare muhalli.
Baya ga abubuwan da ke cikin zare na gilashi da ke sama, yanzu akwai sabon zare na gilashi mara alkali, wanda ba shi da boron gaba ɗaya, wanda hakan ke rage gurɓatar muhalli, amma halayensa na rufewa da kayan aikin injiniya sun yi kama da na gilashin E na gargajiya. Bugu da ƙari, akwai zare na gilashi mai haɗin gilashi biyu, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen samar da ulu na gilashi, kuma ana cewa yana da yuwuwar ƙarfafa fiberglass. Bugu da ƙari, akwai zare na gilashi mara fluorine, wanda aka inganta shi don buƙatun kare muhalli.
Za ka iya raba fiberglass zuwa nau'uka daban-daban, ya danganta da kayan da aka yi amfani da su da kuma girmansu.
Ga nau'ikan fiberglass guda 7 daban-daban da kuma aikace-aikacensu a cikin samfuran yau da kullun:
Gilashin Alkali (A-gilashi)
Gilashin soda ko gilashin lemun tsami. Shi ne nau'in fiberglass da ake amfani da shi sosai. Gilashin Alkali ya kai kusan kashi 90% na dukkan gilashin da aka ƙera. Shi ne nau'in da aka fi amfani da shi kuma ana amfani da shi wajen yin kwantena na gilashi, kamar gwangwani da kwalaben abinci da abin sha, da gilashin taga.
Kayan yin burodi da aka yi da gilashin lemun tsami mai laushi suma misali ne mai kyau na gilashin A. Yana da araha, mai yiwuwa sosai, kuma mai tauri. Zaren gilashin A-type ana iya sake narkewa da sake laushi sau da yawa kuma sune nau'ikan zaren gilashi mafi kyau don sake amfani da gilashi.
Gilashin AE ko gilashin AR mai jure wa Alkali
Gilashin AE ko AR yana nufin gilashin da ke jure wa alkali, wanda ake amfani da shi musamman don siminti. Kayan haɗin gwiwa ne wanda aka yi da zirconia.
Ƙara zirconia, wani ma'adinai mai tauri, mai jure zafi, ya sa wannan fiberglass ya dace da amfani da shi a cikin siminti. Gilashin AR yana hana tsagewar siminti ta hanyar samar da ƙarfi da sassauci. Haka kuma, ba kamar ƙarfe ba, ba ya yin tsatsa cikin sauƙi.
Gilashin sinadarai
Ana amfani da gilashin C-glass ko kuma gilashin sinadarai a matsayin kyallen saman saman laminates na waje don bututu da kwantena don adana ruwa da sinadarai. Saboda yawan sinadarin calcium borosilicate da ake amfani da shi a cikin tsarin hada gilashin, yana nuna juriyar sinadarai a cikin muhallin da ke lalata iska.
Gilashin C yana kiyaye daidaiton sinadarai da tsarin a kowace muhalli kuma yana da juriya sosai ga sinadarai masu alkaline.
Gilashin Dielectric
Ana amfani da zare na gilashin Dielectric (D-glass) a cikin kayan aiki, kayan girki, da makamantansu. Hakanan nau'in fiberglass ne mai kyau saboda ƙarancin dielectric constant ɗinsa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda kasancewar boron trioxide a cikin abun da ke ciki.
Gilashin lantarki
Gilashin lantarki ko kuma E-fiberglass ma'auni ne na masana'antu wanda ke ba da daidaito tsakanin aiki da farashi. Kayan aiki ne mai sauƙin haɗawa wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin sararin samaniya, ruwa da muhallin masana'antu. Kayayyakin gilashin lantarki a matsayin zare mai ƙarfafawa sun sanya shi shahararriyar kayayyakin kasuwanci kamar su injinan shuka, allon hawan igiyar ruwa, da jiragen ruwa.
Ana iya yin gilashin lantarki a cikin zare na ulu na gilashi zuwa kowace siffa ko girma ta amfani da dabarar kera mai sauƙi. A lokacin samarwa, halayen zaren gilashin lantarki suna sa ya zama mai tsabta kuma mai aminci don aiki da shi.
Gilashin gini
Gilashin gini (gilashin S) an san shi da halayen injiniyansa. Sunayen kasuwanci na gilashin R, gilashin S da gilashin T duk suna nufin nau'in fiberglass iri ɗaya. Idan aka kwatanta da zaren gilashin E, yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da modulus. An tsara wannan fiberglass don amfani a masana'antar tsaro da sararin samaniya.
Ana kuma amfani da shi a aikace-aikacen sulke masu ƙarfi na ballistic. Saboda wannan nau'in zaren gilashi yana da inganci sosai, ana amfani da shi ne kawai a wasu masana'antu waɗanda ke da ƙarancin yawan samarwa. Hakanan yana nufin cewa gilashin S na iya zama tsada.
Fiberglass na Advantex
Ana amfani da wannan nau'in fiberglass sosai a masana'antar mai, iskar gas da hakar ma'adinai, da kuma a tashoshin wutar lantarki da aikace-aikacen ruwa (tsarin tsaftace najasa da ruwan shara). Yana haɗa halayen injiniya da lantarki na gilashin E tare da juriyar lalata acid na zare na gilashi irin E, C, R. Ana amfani da shi a wurare inda gine-gine suka fi saurin kamuwa da tsatsa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-11-2022
