labarai

Fiberglass wani kyakkyawan aiki ne na kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba na inorganic, fa'idodi iri-iri iri-iri ne mai kyau rufi, juriya mai zafi, juriya na lalata, ƙarfin injina mai ƙarfi, amma rashin lahani yana gaggauce, juriya mara kyau. Gilashin gilashi ne ko gilashin sharar gida azaman albarkatun ƙasa ta hanyar narkewa mai zafi, zane, iska, saƙa da sauran matakai a cikin diamita na monofilament na ƴan microns zuwa fiye da 20 microns, daidai da gashi 1 / 20-1 / 5, kowane dam na zaruruwa da ɗaruruwa ko ma dubban monofilaments hada da danyen siliki.Fiberglasyawanci ana amfani da su azaman kayan ƙarfafawa a cikin kayan haɗin gwiwa, kayan kariya na lantarki da kayan kariya na zafi, allon kewayawa da sauran fannonin tattalin arzikin ƙasa.
1, Jikin fiberglass
Matsayin narkewa 680 ℃
Wurin tafasa 1000 ℃
Yawaita 2.4-2.7g/cm³

2, Sinadarin sinadaran
Babban abubuwan da aka gyara sune silica, alumina, calcium oxide, boron oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, da dai sauransu, bisa ga adadin abun ciki na alkali a cikin gilashin za a iya raba shi zuwa filayen gilashin da ba alkali ba (sodium oxide 0% zuwa 2%, gilashin borosilicate na aluminum), matsakaici alkali fiberglass (sodium zuwa boron 128% ko boron-free ko sodium oxide). soda-lime silicate gilashin) da babban alkali fiberglass (sodium oxide 13% ko fiye, shine gilashin silicate soda-lime). ).

3, albarkatun kasa da aikace-aikacen su
Fiberglass fiye da zaruruwan kwayoyin halitta, babban zafin jiki, mara ƙonewa, hana lalata, thermal da ƙwaƙƙwaran sauti, ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ingantaccen rufin lantarki. Amma gaggautsa, rashin juriyar abrasion. An yi amfani da shi wajen kera robobi da aka ƙarfafa ko kuma roba mai ƙarfi, kamar yadda fiberglass ɗin kayan haɓakawa yana da halaye masu zuwa, waɗannan halayen yin amfani da fiberglass ɗin fiberglass ya fi sauran nau'ikan fiberglass zuwa nau'in haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar haɓaka kuma nesa da halayensa an jera su a ƙasa:
(1) Ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ƙananan haɓaka (3%).
(2) High coefficient na elasticity, mai kyau rigidity.
(3) Tsawaitawa a cikin iyakokin iyakoki da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi, don haka sha tasirin tasiri.
(4) Inorganic fiber, maras konawa, mai kyau sinadaran juriya.
(5) Karamin sha ruwa.
(6) Kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali da juriya na zafi.
(7) Kyakkyawan aiwatarwa, ana iya sanya shi cikin strands, daure, feels, yadudduka da sauran nau'ikan samfuran daban-daban.
(8) Samfuran bayyane na iya watsa haske.
(9) An kammala haɓakar wakili na jiyya na sama tare da mannewa mai kyau ga guduro.
(10) Mara tsada.
(11) Ba shi da sauƙi a ƙone kuma ana iya haɗa shi cikin beads masu gilashi a matsanancin zafi.
Gilashin fiberglass bisa ga nau'i da tsayi, za a iya raba su zuwa fiber mai ci gaba, fiber mai tsayi da ulun gilashi; bisa ga abun da ke cikin gilashin, za a iya raba shi zuwa ga waɗanda ba alkali ba, masu juriya da sinadarai, babban alkali, alkali, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, babban ƙarfin elasticity da alkali-resistant (anti-alkali) fiberglass da sauransu.

4, manyan albarkatun kasa don samar dafiberglass
A halin yanzu, babban kayan da ake samarwa a cikin gida na fiberglass shine yashi ma'adini, alumina da chlorite, farar ƙasa, dolomite, boric acid, soda ash, manganese, fluorite da sauransu.

5, hanyoyin samarwa
An raba kusan kashi biyu: ɗaya an yi shi da narkakken gilashin kai tsaye zuwa zaruruwa;
Ajin narkakkar gilashin da farko ana yin su ne da ƙwallan gilashi ko sanduna mai diamita na 20mm, sannan a narke ta hanyoyi daban-daban don yin zafi da filaye masu kyau da diamita na 3 ~ 80μm.
Ta hanyar farantin alloy na platinum zuwa hanyar zane na inji don cire tsayin fiber mara iyaka, wanda aka sani da fiber gilashin ci gaba, wanda aka fi sani da dogon fiber.
Ta hanyar abin nadi ko iska da aka yi da zaruruwa masu katsewa, wanda aka sani da tsayayyen fiberglass, wanda aka fi sani da gajerun zaruruwa.

6, Fiberglass Rarraba
Gilashin fiberglass bisa ga abun da ke ciki, yanayi da amfani, an raba zuwa matakai daban-daban.
Dangane da daidaitaccen matakin tanadi, fiber gilashin E-class shine mafi yawan amfani da shi, ana amfani dashi da yawa a cikin kayan haɗin lantarki;
S-class don filaye na musamman.
Samar da fiberglass tare da gilashi ya bambanta da sauran kayan gilashi.
Haɗin fiberglass na kasuwanci na duniya kamar haka:

(1) E-gilasi
Wanda kuma aka sani da gilashin da ba shi da alkali, gilashin borosilicate ne. A halin yanzu yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan amfani da gilashin fiber gilashin abun da ke ciki, tare da kyakkyawan rufin lantarki da kaddarorin injiniya, ana amfani da su sosai wajen samar da rufin lantarki tare da fiber gilashi, kuma ana amfani dashi da yawa don samar da fiberglass don fiberglass ƙarfafa filastik, rashin amfaninsa yana da sauƙi don rushewa ta hanyar inorganic acid, don haka bai dace da amfani a cikin yanayin acidic ba.

(2) C-gilasi
Har ila yau, an san shi da matsakaicin alkali gilashin, wanda ke da yanayin juriya na sinadarai, musamman juriya na acid ya fi gilashin alkali, amma kayan lantarki na ƙarancin ƙarfin injin yana da ƙasa fiye da alkali gilashin zaruruwa 10% zuwa 20%, yawanci kasashen waje matsakaici alkali gilashi zaruruwa dauke da wani adadin boron dioxide, kuma China matsakaici alkali gilashin zaruruwa ne gaba daya boron free. A cikin kasashen waje, matsakaici alkali fiberglass ne kawai amfani da samar da lalata-resistant fiberglass kayayyakin, kamar don samar da gilashin fiber surface tabarma, da dai sauransu, kuma ana amfani da su inganta kwalta rufin kayan, amma a cikin kasar, matsakaici alkali fiberglass shagaltar da wani babban ɓangare na gilashin fiber samar (60%), yadu amfani a fiberglass, ƙarfafa fiber masana'anta, da dai sauransu. ya kasance ƙasa da farashin fiber na gilashin da ba alkaline ba kuma yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.

(3) Babban ƙarfin fiberglass
Wanda aka siffanta shi da babban ƙarfi da ƙarfin ƙarfinsa, yana da ƙarfin fiɗa guda ɗaya na 2800MPa, wanda kusan kashi 25% ya fi ƙarfin ƙarfin fiberglass ɗin da ba shi da alkali, da kuma yanayin elasticity na 86,000MPa, wanda ya fi na E-glass fiber. Kayayyakin FRP da aka samar da su galibi ana amfani da su a cikin soja, sararin samaniya, sulke mai hana harsashi da kayan wasanni. Duk da haka, saboda tsada mai tsada, yanzu a cikin al'amuran farar hula ba za a iya inganta su ba, samar da duniya shine kawai 'yan dubban ton ko haka.

(4)AR fiberglass
Hakanan aka sani da fiberglass alkali-resistant fiberglass, alkali-resistant fiberglass ne fiberglass ƙarfafa (siminti) kankare (ana nufin GRC) haƙarƙari abu, shi ne 100% inorganic zaruruwa, a cikin wadanda ba-loading siminti sassa shi ne manufa madadin karfe da asbestos. Alkali-resistant fiberglass an halin da mai kyau alkaline juriya, iya yadda ya kamata tsayayya da yashwar da high alkali abubuwa a cikin siminti, karfi riko, modules na elasticity, tasiri juriya, tensile da flexural ƙarfi ne sosai high, ba konewa, sanyi juriya, juriya ga zafin jiki da zafi canje-canje, crack juriya, seepage juriya ne m, tare da wani karfi zane, da sauki nau'i na fiber alkali da dai sauransu. kayan ƙarfafawa waɗanda aka yi amfani da su sosai a cikin siminti mai ƙarfi (ciminti). Green kayan ƙarfafawa.

(5) Gilashi
Har ila yau, an san shi da babban gilashin alkali, gilashin siliki na sodium na yau da kullum, saboda rashin juriya na ruwa, da wuya a yi amfani da shi wajen samar da fiberglass.

(6) Gilashin E-CR
Gilashin E-CR wani nau'i ne na ingantaccen gilashin alkali wanda ba shi da boron, wanda ake amfani dashi don samar da fiberglass tare da kyakkyawan acid da juriya na ruwa. Juriyar ruwanta ya fi na fiberglass mara alkali sau 7-8, haka nan kuma juriyar acid dinsa ya fi na matsakaicin fiberglass, kuma sabon nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in fiber ne da aka samar da bututun karkashin kasa da tankunan ajiya.

(7) D Gilashin
Har ila yau, an san shi da ƙananan gilashin dielectric, ana amfani da shi don samar da ƙananan fiberglass na dielectric tare da ƙarfin dielectric mai kyau.
Baya ga abubuwan haɗin fiberglass na sama, yanzu akwai sabonfiberglass ba tare da alkali ba, ba ta da boron gaba daya, ta yadda za a rage gurbacewar muhalli, amma kaddarorin sa na lantarki da kayan aikin injiniya sun yi kama da gilashin E na gargajiya.
Hakanan akwai nau'in gilashin gilashi guda biyu na fiberglass, an yi amfani da shi wajen samar da ulun gilashi, a cikin fiberglass ƙarfafa kayan ƙarfafa filastik shima yana da yuwuwar. Bugu da kari akwai filayen gilashin da ba su da fluorine, an ƙera shi don buƙatun muhalli da ingantaccen fiberglass marasa alkali.

7. gano babban alkali fiberglass
Gwajin wata hanya ce mai sauki ta sanya fiber a cikin ruwan zãfi a dafa 6-7h, idan fiberglass ne mai girma alkali, bayan tafasasshen ruwa bayan dahuwa, yadudduka da kuma saƙar zaren duk sun bushe.

8. Akwai nau'ikan tsarin samar da fiberglass iri biyu
a) Yin gyare-gyare sau biyu - Hanyar zane mai mahimmanci;
b) Yin gyare-gyaren lokaci ɗaya - hanyar zana tafki.
Hanyar zane mai banƙyama, narkar da zafin zafin farko na kayan albarkatun gilashin da aka yi da ƙwallan gilashi, sannan kuma narke na biyu na ƙwallan gilashi, zane mai sauri da aka yi da filament fiberglass. Wannan tsari yana da babban amfani da makamashi, gyare-gyaren tsarin ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, ƙananan yawan aiki da sauran rashin amfani, wanda manyan masana'antun fiber gilashi suka shafe su.

9. Na al'adaFiberglasTsari
Hanyar zana tafki na chlorite da sauran albarkatun ƙasa a cikin kiln sun narke a cikin maganin gilashin, ban da kumfa mai iska ta hanyar da aka ɗauka zuwa farantin ɗigon ruwa, zane mai sauri a cikin filament fiberglass. Ana iya haɗa kiln zuwa ɗaruruwan bangarori ta hanyoyi da yawa don samarwa lokaci guda. Wannan tsari yana da sauƙi, ceton makamashi, tsayayyen gyare-gyare, babban inganci da yawan amfanin ƙasa, don sauƙaƙe samar da cikakken sarrafa kansa mai girma, kuma ya zama babban tsarin samar da kayan aiki na duniya, tare da tsarin samar da fiberglass ya kai fiye da 90% na samar da duniya.