labarai

Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)wani abu ne mai matuƙar aiki wanda aka haɗa daga zaruruwan gilashi a matsayin wakilin ƙarfafawa da kuma resin polymer a matsayin matrix, ta amfani da takamaiman tsari. Tsarin sa na asali ya ƙunshi zaruruwan gilashi (kamarGilashin lantarki, Gilashin S, ko gilashin AR mai ƙarfi) tare da diamita na 5 ~ 25μm da matrices na thermosetting kamar epoxy resin, resin polyester, ko vinyl ester, tare da ƙaramin girman fiber yawanci yana kaiwa 30% ~ 70% [1-3]. GFRP yana nuna kyawawan halaye kamar takamaiman ƙarfi fiye da 500 MPa/(g/cm3) da takamaiman modulus fiye da 25 GPa/(g/cm3), yayin da kuma yana da halaye kamar juriyar tsatsa, juriyar gajiya, ƙarancin ma'aunin faɗaɗa zafi [(7 ~ 12) × 10−6 °C−1], da kuma bayyananniyar lantarki.

A fannin sararin samaniya, amfani da GFRP ya fara ne a shekarun 1950 kuma yanzu ya zama muhimmin abu don rage girman gini da inganta ingancin mai. Idan aka ɗauki Boeing 787 a matsayin misali, GFRP ya kai kashi 15% na tsarinsa marasa ɗaukar kaya, waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin sassa kamar fairings da winglets, wanda ya cimma raguwar nauyi na 20% ~ 30% idan aka kwatanta da ƙarfe na aluminum na gargajiya. Bayan an maye gurbin katakon bene na jirgin Airbus A320 da GFRP, nauyin wani abu guda ɗaya ya ragu da kashi 40%, kuma aikinsa a cikin yanayin danshi ya inganta sosai. A ɓangaren helikwafta, bangarorin ciki na ɗakin Sikorsky S-92 suna amfani da tsarin sandwich na zuma na GFRP, wanda ke cimma daidaito tsakanin juriyar tasiri da kuma jinkirin harshen wuta (bisa ga ƙa'idar FAR 25.853). Idan aka kwatanta da Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), farashin kayan GFRP ya ragu da kashi 50% ~ 70%, wanda ke ba da fa'ida mai mahimmanci a fannin tattalin arziki a cikin abubuwan da ba na farko ba. A halin yanzu, GFRP tana ƙirƙirar tsarin aikace-aikacen kayan aiki tare da carbon fiber, yana haɓaka ci gaban kayan aikin sararin samaniya don rage nauyi, tsawon rai, da ƙarancin farashi.

Daga mahangar halayen jiki,GFRPkuma yana da fa'idodi masu ban mamaki dangane da rage nauyi, halayen zafi, juriya ga tsatsa, da kuma aiki. Dangane da rage nauyi, yawan zare na gilashi ya kama daga 1.8 ~ 2.1 g/cm3, wanda shine 1/4 na ƙarfe da 2/3 na ƙarfen aluminum. A cikin gwaje-gwajen tsufa mai zafi, ƙimar riƙe ƙarfi ya wuce 85% bayan sa'o'i 1,000 a 180 °C. Bugu da ƙari, GFRP da aka nutsar a cikin maganin NaCl na 3.5% na shekara guda ya nuna asarar ƙarfi ƙasa da 5%, yayin da ƙarfe Q235 ya rasa nauyin tsatsa na 12%. Juriyar acid ɗinsa ta bayyana, tare da ƙimar canjin taro ƙasa da 0.3% da ƙimar faɗaɗa girma ƙasa da 0.15% bayan kwana 30 a cikin maganin HCl 10%. Samfuran GFRP da aka yi wa magani da Silane sun kiyaye ƙimar riƙe ƙarfi mai lanƙwasa fiye da 90% bayan sa'o'i 3,000.

A taƙaice, saboda haɗakar kaddarorinsa na musamman, ana amfani da GFRP sosai a matsayin kayan aikin sararin samaniya mai inganci a cikin ƙira da ƙera jiragen sama, wanda ke da muhimmiyar mahimmanci a masana'antar sararin samaniya ta zamani da ci gaban fasaha.